C. Sudha ¹, Ajesh K. Kottuppillil ², P. T. Ravichandran ¹, K. Divya Krishnan ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Civil Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur - 603203, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Civil Engineering, SAINTGITS College of Engineering, Kottayam - 686532, Kerala, IN

Abstract

Background/Objectives: In the construction of structures river sand used as fine aggregate in concrete for centuries. River sand is not a renewable natural resource. In most of the area, river sand has been excessively exploited, which has endangered the stability of river banks and the safety of bridges, and creates an environmental problem. Hence, minimization of the use of river sand inevitable. Methods: In this study, the Manufactured sand (M-sand), produced by crushing rock depositions as a fine aggregate used in concrete. The M-sand is more angular and has rougher surface texture than river sand. In the M60 grade concrete, M-sand is used as fine aggregate and Bagasse Ash (BA) used as a pozzolanic material for the partial replacement of cement. Bagasse ash has partially replaced by the ratio of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% by volume of cementation material in concrete. M-sand has been replaced by fully by volume of fine aggregate. In this investigation, to study the properties of concrete test likes Compressive Strength, Tensile Strength, Flexural Strength, Young’s modulus and Workability of concrete were carried out. The effects of M-sand on mechanical properties, studies with and without partial replacement of Bagasse ash were studies at the age of 7, 28 days. Findings: The test results show that the incorporation of Bagasse Ash up to 20% replacement level increases the mechanical properties of concrete. The variation in use of M-sand in concrete as compared to the river sand with the Bagasse Ash shows the minimum variation in the strength properties. Applications/Improvement: From this study, it is observed that the use of M-sand in high strength concrete can be use for the replacement of fine aggregate in M60 concrete. Use of Bagasse ash up to 20-30 % can be effectively used in concrete with or without the addition of M-sand, where the Bagasse ash available in plenty.

Keywords

Bagasse Ash, Compressive strength, Manufactured Sand.

Full Text

   

K. Divya Krishnan ¹, Mani Deepika ¹, P. T. Ravichandran ¹, C. Sudha ¹, Ajesh K. Kottuppillil ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Civil Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur- 603203, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Civil Engineering, SAINTGITS College of Engineering, Kottayam - 686532, Kerala, IN

Abstract

Background/Objective: Civil engineering structure resting on expansive soils needs more attention since it causes undesirable engineering behavior when the soil comes in contact with water. The areas consisting of expansive soil need a proper stabilization method to solve the site problems faced by the civil engineers. Pavements constructed on such soil shows signs of damage continuously during the service life of the pavement eventually increase the maintenance costs. Stabilization of these soils is a usual practice for improving the strength. Methods: In this work an attempt was made on the utilization of Phospho Gypsum (PG) with soil by adding various percentages of 2, 4, and 6% in soils and accessed their geotechnical behaviour for different curing periods. The effects of PG treatment on the microstructure and strength improvement of compacted expansive clays are studied based on Microstuctural analysis and Unconfined Compression tests for different curing periods of 0, 14 and 28 days. Findings: UCS performed on these mixes and identified that addition of phosphogypsum attained high strength with the increasing percent of phosphogypsum in soils. From the test results, it was observed that the UCS peak stresses were increases to 162kPa and 336kPa from 75 kPa and 122 kPa for soil samples S1 and S2 at 28days of curing. X-ray Diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopy were carried out for microlevel analysis and the results confirmed the presence of minerals and cementation nature in the treated soil. Improvement: From the experimental study, it is observed that the treatment of the expansive soil with the addition of Industrial waste material Phosphogypsum is more efficient in subgrade modification and other geotechnical applications.

Keywords

Compaction, Phosphogypsum, Stabiliser, UCS

Full Text